The choice of ARQ protocol involves trade-offs between complexity and efficiency:
is a fundamental error-control mechanism used in telecommunications and data link layers to ensure reliable transmission over unreliable communication links. Unlike Forward Error Correction (FEC) , which allows the receiver to correct errors, ARQ relies on the receiver identifying errors and requesting retransmission of data from the sender. This paper covers the primary types of ARQ protocols, their mechanisms, and performance tradeoffs. 2. Fundamental Mechanisms ARQ protocols operate based on two main principles: The choice of ARQ protocol involves trade-offs between
ARQ is an indispensable tool for achieving reliable digital communication. While Stop-and-Wait is efficient for simple, low-delay networks, Go-Back-N and Selective Repeat are essential for modern high-speed networks. The hybrid approach (HARQ) offers the best balance of efficiency and reliability in modern wireless scenarios. The hybrid approach (HARQ) offers the best balance
If the sender does not receive an ACK within a designated time (timeout) or receives a NAK, it retransmits the packet. 3. Types of ARQ Protocols 3.1. Stop-and-Wait ARQ it retransmits the packet. 3.
Only the specific lost or corrupted frame is retransmitted, rather than the entire window. Pros: Highly efficient utilization of bandwidth.
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The sender can transmit multiple frames (within a window size