Bellows -

Multi-ply designs offer a better fatigue life than single-ply versions.

They are excellent for absorbing vibration and multi-directional movement, especially in high-pressure or nuclear environments. bellows

They are susceptible to "squirm" (buckling) if internal pressure exceeds design limits. Corrosion near welding points is also a common failure point. Multi-ply designs offer a better fatigue life than