They use cementitious materials with high compressive strength (80–100 MPa).
Papers such as "3D Printing Using Concrete Extrusion: A Roadmap for Research" (Buswell et al., 2018) are available as PDFs or plain text abstracts on HAL Open Archive and ResearchGate . Download xtreee(18) txt
A notable project is the 4-meter-high freeform pillar in Aix-en-Provence, France, which used 3D printing to create an integrated formwork. Download xtreee(18) txt
Development of water collectors and drainage systems with optimized geometries. Accessing Files and Downloads Download xtreee(18) txt