(Probability and Statistics) is a foundational mathematical discipline focused on understanding uncertainty and making sense of data. While related, they approach problems from opposite directions: probability uses a known model to predict future outcomes, while statistics uses observed data to build or verify a model. 1. Probability (Vjerojatnost)
Probability provides the mathematical framework for quantifying the likelihood of events. Vjerojatnost i statistika
: Common models used to describe data include the Normal (Gaussian) distribution , Binomial , and Poisson . 2. Statistics (Statistika) Statistics (Statistika) : Uses sample data to make
: Uses sample data to make predictions about a whole group. This includes Hypothesis Testing (using a 7-step process to see if a claim holds up) and Confidence Intervals (estimating a range where a true value likely falls). and Poisson . 2.
: Actuaries use probability to calculate risks for accidents or illnesses to set insurance rates.
: Techniques used to find relationships between different variables, such as how education levels might correlate with income. 3. Real-World Applications
Statistics is the science of gathering, organizing, and analyzing data to draw conclusions about a larger population.